Choosing Change for the Right Reasons

Workshop from the Evergreen Annual Conference, Saturday, September 18, 2004

 © Pavel Losevsky - FOTOLIA

Do you wonder if youre ever going to make it? This article explores individual commitment to change and provides perspectives to help understand what it takes to succeed. It also provides a brief discussion of what it means to “change,” steps involved in making a decision to change, and why it’s important.

Introduction: The Dilemma We’re In

The following humorous poem was read at the Evergreen conference 5 years ago by Neil Whitehead:

THE PIT

A person with same-sex attraction fell into a pit and couldn't get himself out.
A religious fundamentalist came along, and said: "You deserve your pit."
A psychologist came along and said: "Accept your pit, that way you'll be happy."
A religious liberal came along and said: "Your pit is God's beautiful gift to you."
A gay activist came along and said: "Fight for the right to stay in your pit."
An empathist came along and said: "I really feel for you in that pit."
A researcher came along and said: "What an interesting pit."
A politician came along and said: "Discrimination against pits is illegal."
A charismatic Christian came along and said: “Just confess you're not in that pit."
Respectable people came along and said: "We don't associate with pit-dwellers."
His mother came along and said: "It's your father's fault you're in that pit."
His father came along and said: "It's your mother's fault you're in that pit."
His wife came along and said: "It's all my fault you're in that pit."
But Jesus, seeing the man, loved him, and reaching into the pit put his arms around him and pulled him out.

Note: Neil and Briar Whitehead made a presentation "My Genes Made Me Do It: A Scientific look at Sexual Orientation" at the 9th Annual Evergreen conference on September 11, 1999. During the presentation, Neil read the following poem entitled "The Pit." The poem was adapted and developed by Briar Whitehead, from a poem, source unknown, and originally quoted in "Pain is Inevitable but Misery is Optional," a book by Barbara Johnson (Word Publishing, 1990).

What does “change” mean?

When I talk about “change,” I’m not talking about learning to suppress feelings and control behavior through willpower. I believe the goal is to resolve the issues that created the homosexual attractions in the first place and now continue to sustain them. A transition out of SSA might include the following:

• reducing or eliminating homosexual desires.
• eliminating homosexual behavior.
• developing a secure sense of self and male/female identity.

Let’s talk about each of these 3 points for a minute…

Reducing or eliminating homosexual desires

As people begin to resolve their SSA, they note that their sexual attractions toward the same gender tend to decrease.

Extremes: For some, the attractions go away and they are no longer sexually attracted to the same gender at all. Others may continue to be attracted almost as strongly as before, but they can learn to cope with the attractions without being overwhelmed by them.

Most fall somewhere in the middle. The attractions decrease, but they still experience some feelings of attractions from time to time. But they are able to deal with them with a minimum of anxiety. The attractions no longer dominate their lives or their behavior. Over time, the feelings diminish both in number and intensity until it becomes easy to dismiss these fleeting thoughts, much like they do any other unwanted thought that enters their minds. The desires are “reduced from a major issue into a minor one, a problem that does not dominate their lives or keep them from experiencing healthy friendships, healthy marriage, and peace of mind. If it is still a problem to them, it’s only one of many; they don’t struggle with it daily and they seldom give it serious thought.”

Eliminating homosexual behavior

With a greater understanding of your issues, you can recognize that you can choose to avoid homosexual activity and are able to control your actions. The comforting news is that as you resolve deeper issues, you will find that your compulsions to act out diminish and in many cases disappear. As time passes, homosexual behavior becomes less and less appealing.

If you have been heavily involved in sexual behavior for a number of years, you may have a greater struggle overcoming habits and sexual addictions. But if you are sincerely motivated and make a significant effort, you can overcome these addictions.

Developing a secure sense of self and male/female identity

Part of your attraction to the same gender may be rooted in a distorted view of yourself and others. If you have accepted a “gay” identity, you can change that perception and accept yourself as a son or daughter of God who has eternal potential. With increased levels of self-acceptance, your feelings of self-worth and masculinity/femininity will increase, you will begin to see your value in relation to other men/women, and stop comparing yourself with other men/women. As you become more pro-active rather than reactive, you will be able to develop increasingly healthy relationships with the same gender and sexual attractions to them will decrease.

It may be helpful to talk for just a minute about the

World’s view of “Homosexuality”

Homosexuality seems to be an overwhelming problem to many people because they include in it a whole life of problems. But remember that everyone deals with issues of self-worth, relationships, intimacy, lust, comparing themselves with others, and a whole host of problems that are part of a lifelong process of growing, overcoming, and improving. These issues of personal growth and development are part of the larger plan of eternal progression. Changes we begin to make in this life will continue into the next. Therefore, whatever progress we can make in the short term or long term, we should begin it now.

Why change?

Possible Reasons:

• I want to change my sexual orientation from gay to straight, or at least to somewhere in between.
• I can’t be both gay and Mormon.
• I don’t want to disappoint my parents/family/spouse/children.
• I have a commitment to my parents/family/spouse/children.
• I don’t want to disappoint the Lord.
• I want to live a full, heterosexual life.

Many people find themselves straddling the fence. It is written that a house divided against itself cannot stand. For sanity’s sake, at some point in everyone’s life, they must come down from straddling the fence—come down on one side or another. My older brother came down on the side of choosing to be gay. Although he once had a strong testimony of the gospel, he now claims to be agnostic. He says that if some day he finds out that God really is there and the Church really is true—he will deal with it then. Some of you here today are still straddling the fence. Many of you have come down on the side of making the choice for righteousness and are either quite comfortable with where you are, or maybe you’re still struggling in some respects.

Categories of people

Over the years with Evergreen, I’ve met hundreds and hundreds of people and talked with them enough to know somewhat of their situation. Some I have gotten to know very well and consider them among my closest personal friends. Most of the people I’ve met fit in one of three categories:

1. Those who attend only a few meetings, then drop out. They learn a little about the philosophy of change, but do not pursue it because they don’t believe that change is possible for them, they decide they don’t want to change, they are not ready for change, or they did not find the support they got helpful to them.

2. Others go to support groups because they enjoy the friendships they build with others who likewise struggle with SSA. It is a great relief for them to find other LDS people who understand their value system and empathize with their situation. But for them, it is a social meeting and they lack the commitment to do much beyond showing up at meetings. They may attend because of feelings of guilt. They know they should change but they are not willing to put forth the effort to change. Without much commitment, they participate on a superficial level to pacify their conscience and appease their family.

3. The third group consists of people with a love of God and a testimony burning in their heart. They understand the plan of salvation and recognize SSA as one of many challenges people must face in life. They are committed to overcome this challenge and do whatever they must to succeed. They do these key things:

• Feed their souls by being anxiously engaged in scripture study and church attendance.
• Spend considerable time alone with God, thinking, pondering, and praying.
• Reflect on their life, keep a journal, and recognize God’s hand in their progress.
• Read and study about SSA to understand it and develop a plan to overcome its challenges.
• Reach out and build important relationships with the same gender.
• Make the most of individual therapy, guided group therapy, and carefully-chosen support groups.

Of those who make this kind of commitment, most are able to resolve their problems and make significant, long-lasting changes in their lives.

Let’s look at some good reasons to change

Why give up unbridled lust and sexual sin?

1. Because it robs you of the Spirit and, therefore, makes you weak. The Spirit makes you strong. You need to be strong. If you are caught up in the throes of Internet pornography, for example, how can you proactively meet the needs of your family or others? How can you solve your own problems?

2. It robs you of your confidence in, love for, and excitement about the things of God. How can a man who is always thinking about other men in sexual ways, feel excited about church meetings on Sunday, feel anxious to be the best home teacher he can be, and be eager to fulfill his church callings? Yes, you can fake it – and many do. But how can you be motivated to share the gospel with a friend? How can you do any of this with integrity? Do you see how this compromises your ability to grow and progress in the gospel?

3. It robs you of God’s love. As Gerald May put it in his book Addiction and Grace, “It makes idolaters of us all, because it forces us to worship objects of attachment, preventing us from truly, freely being able to love God and one another.” The deepest damage is that sexual addictions “displace and supplant God’s love as the source and object of our deepest true desire.”

SSA is one of Satan’s most clever tricks to make us impotent in spiritual things—to make us impotent as leaders, as priesthood bearers, as eternal families under the covenant. The work of the Evil One in all this is that he keeps us servants of our lusts and spiritual handicaps—all which usually brew in silence. Add to this the fact that many of us are busier than ever and we have potentially explosive situations just waiting to happen. We may also suffer from the doing-and-accomplishing syndrome. [Like someone said yesterday: “I’m a Human Doing rather than a Human Being.”] Most of us don’t take the time to take care of our personal spiritual needs. Most of us are terrible at doing that. Just consider what J. C. Ryle had to say 130 years ago about the need for tending to one’s personal spiritual needs:

Let me counsel every true servant of Christ to examine his own heart frequently and carefully before God…. When the great plague of London was at its height, people took note of the smallest symptoms that appeared on their bodies in a way that they never noticed them before. A spot here, a spot there, which in time of health, men thought nothing of, received close attention when the plague was decimating families and striking down one after another! We ought to watch our hearts with double watchfulness. We ought to give more time to meditation, self-examination and reflection. It is a hurrying, bustling age; if we would keep from falling, we must take time for being frequently alone with God. (Churches Beware!, pages 76-77.)
That was in the 1874. “Hurrying, bustling age.”

Steps to consider as you make these important life decisions.

Step 1: Define your personal values

The first step in this process is to determine your personal beliefs and core values. Spend a considerable amount of time thinking about your inner values and writing them down. Don’t just accept the beliefs of your family or society, but identify what matters most to you. It means getting in touch with your inner self and clarifying for yourself what you believe to be true. It means identifying your own beliefs as separate from those of others. Question your testimony. Do you believe things because others around you believed them or do you believe them of yourself? Once you discover for yourself what is eternally true and internalize those values, you can make choices and not waste time trying to change what is everlastingly true or arguing that it has no right to be true.

Now, there is a liability in this process. Once you determine what is personally valuable, you cannot blame anyone else or hold a grudge because someone forced you to do something. Obtaining self-clarity empowers you to do things because you want to do them. You no longer perform out of duty, or respect, or fear. Discipline comes from within and you have the will and integrity to subordinate desires and impulses to the values you determine are important. It is a process of creating a deeper conscience and awareness of the values that govern your behavior. Look to yourself and no one else, and you can become the master of yourself.

Step 2: Discern truth from error

Eternal truth stands on its own and is not subject to our opinions. There are not several versions of truth that we may choose to fit our personal situations. God has a plan for the salvation of all His children. Elder M. Russell Ballard reminded us, “If we are anchored to the correct understanding of who we are, why we are here on this earth, and where we can go after this mortal life, Satan cannot threaten our happiness through any form of temptation. If we are determined to live by Heavenly Father’s plan, we will use our God-given moral agency to make decisions based on revealed truth, not on the opinions of others or on the current thinking of the world. Those who understand our Heavenly Father’s eternal plan for the joy and happiness of his children will be better prepared to make good choices. If we truly believe that we are his children and are here on earth to learn to live, by faith, the teachings and the commandments of God, we will make the choices that will qualify us to one day return to live in His presence.”

Step 3: Consider your options

If you are straddling the fence as we mentioned earlier, sooner or later you have to come down on one side or the other. You can’t have your family and the Church, and at the same time, seek sexual gratification on the outside. Living a double life—living a lie—is a life of desperation and unfulfilling relationships both at home and on the outside. There are really only two options:

Two options:
1. One option is to come down off the fence on the side of homosexuality. This includes the fantasy of finding Mr. Right and living happily ever after. Hawaii flea market t-shirts: “I finally found Mr. Right. And his boyfriend is pretty nice, too.” Sadly, many people seek this idyllic condition of “Mr. Right,” but never find it, because it doesn’t exist.

2. The other option is to accept the eternal plan of salvation. This means devoting yourself to God, your family, and eternal truths. Why spend your energies fighting what you know to be true? Decide to live the gospel plan your loving Father in Heaven designed for your total happiness. President Howard W. Hunter taught, “Christ’s way is not only the right way, but ultimately the only way to hope and joy.” The sooner you align your life with eternal truth, the sooner you can find true happiness. Surrender your homosexual activities and fantasies, give up your refuge in pornography (if that is a problem for you), and give up all else to follow Christ.

Step 4: Decide and commit

After prayerfully evaluating your options, make a decision and a firm commitment to follow through, no matter how hard the way. If you believe you can be free of unwanted sexual desires and behaviors and your life can be happier because of it, you must make a solemn commitment to do whatever it takes to achieve it. Make a once-and-for-all decision so that each time you’re faced with a temptation you don’t sit and stew over which choice you will make. If you’re mind is really made up—if you’re committed—there is no more questioning or decision to be made in the face of temptation. You know you’ll leave it alone.

Let’s talk about some things that may help your perspective

Faith that you’ll prevail in the end

Do the Best with What You Have

Story of the Divers. See Following Christ, pp. 34-35

Stockdale Paradox

See book From Good to Great, pp 83-87.

Have unwavering faith that you’ll not just survive, but prevail as a son or daughter of God and return to his presence and at the same time be relentlessly disciplined at confronting the brutal facts of your current situation.

Desire of our Hearts

We are judged by our works and also the desire of our hearts. “For I, the Lord, will judge all men according to their works, according to the desire of their hearts" (D&C 137:9). See also Mosiah 5:13.

Elder Jay E. Jensen spoke at this conference in 1997 and said “I just want to be good.”

We can have eternal life if we want it, but only if there is nothing else we want more” (Bruce C. Hafen, “The Atonement: All for All,” Ensign, May 2004, 97).

Trust God

"It is not without a recognition of life's tempests but fully and directly because of them that I testify of God's love and the Savior's power to calm the storm. Always remember in that biblical story that He was out there on the water also, that He faced the worst of it right along with the newest and youngest and most fearful. Only one who has fought against those ominous waves is justified in telling us--as well as the sea--to “be still.” Only one who has taken the full brunt of such adversity could ever be justified in telling us in such times to “be of good cheer" (Jeffrey R. Holland, "An High Priest of Good Things To Come," Ensign, Nov. 1999, 36-37).

"You don’t need to tell God how big your storm is. Tell your storm how big God is." Unknown

Keep an Eternal Perspective

“There are few things more important in this life than knowing your place in mortality and your potential in eternity” (Dallin H. Oaks, “The Gospel in our Lives,” Ensign, May 2002, p. 35).

"You are here on earth for a divine purpose. It is not to be endlessly entertained or to be constantly in full pursuit of pleasure. You are here to be tried, to prove yourself so that you can receive the additional blessings God has for you. . . . Some blessings will be delivered here in this life; others will come beyond the veil. The Lord is intent on your personal growth and development. That progress is accelerated when you willingly allow Him to lead you through every growth experience you encounter, whether initially it be to your individual liking or not" (Richard G. Scott, "Finding Joy in Life," Ensign, May 1996, 25).

Trust to God How Things Will Turn Out

Elder Dennis E. Simmons said the following about Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego: “They knew that they could trust God—even if things didn’t turn out the way they hoped. They knew that faith is more than mental assent, more than an acknowledgment that God lives. Faith is total trust in Him. Faith is believing that although we do not understand all things, He does. Faith is knowing that although our power is limited, His is not. Faith in Jesus Christ consists of complete reliance on Him.” (Dennis E. Simmons, “But If Not … ,” Ensign, May 2004, 73.)

“Our scriptures and our history are replete with accounts of God’s great men and women who believed that He would deliver them, but if not, they demonstrated that they would trust and be true. He has the power, but it’s our test." (Dennis E. Simmons, “But If Not … ,” Ensign, May 2004, 73.)

“What does the Lord expect of us with respect to our challenges? He expects us to do all we can do. He does the rest. Nephi said, “For we know that it is by grace that we are saved, after all we can do.” We must have the same faith as Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. Our God will deliver us from ridicule and persecution, but if not. … Our God will deliver us from sickness and disease, but if not … . He will deliver us from loneliness, depression, or fear, but if not. … ¨ Our God will deliver us from threats, accusations, and insecurity, but if not. … He will deliver us from death or impairment of loved ones, but if not, … we will trust in the Lord. Our God will see that we receive justice and fairness, but if not. … He will make sure that we are loved and recognized, but if not. … We will receive a perfect companion and righteous and obedient children, but if not, … we will have faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, knowing that if we do all we can do, we will, in His time and in His way, be delivered and receive all that He has.” (Dennis E. Simmons, “But If Not … ,” Ensign, May 2004, 73.)

This is counsel for those who are not yet married: See True to the Faith, pp 99-100.

Patience

"Life is full of difficulties, some minor and others of a more serious nature. There seems to be an unending supply of challenges for one and all. Our problem is that we often expect instantaneous solutions to such challenges, forgetting that frequently the heavenly virtue of patience is required.” –Thomas S. Monson (Ensign, Nov 95, p 59)

Our conference theme from the D&C reminds us to “Wait patiently on the Lord,… and all things wherewith you have been afflicted shall work together for your good, and to my name’s glory, said the Lord.”

Never Give Up

“[You] must not give up. [You] must not become discouraged. [You] must never surrender to the forces of evil. [You] can and must maintain the standards for which this Church has stood since it was organized. There is a better way than the way of the world. If it means standing alone, [you] must do it. . . . ¨ [You] must get on [your] knees and plead with the Lord for help and strength and direction. [You] must then stand on [your] feet and move forward. I am absolutely confident that heaven will smile upon [you]. The Lord will hear and answer [your] prayers if [you] will commit [yourself], giving [your] very best to this work.” Gordon B. Hinckley, “Standing Strong and Immovable,” 20–21.

We do not go through mortality alone. But one of the tools of the Adversary is for us to feel alone. It is part of his old plan to divide and conquer. Elder L. Lionel Kendrick, spoke about this at the Evergreen fireside in April of this year. Elder Kendrick spoke about seven ways the Lord has not left us alone. These included:

• The Light of Christ or conscience, which is given to all as we come into the world.
• People to strengthen us. They are not in our lives by accident, but are placed here to help heal our wounded hearts and souls.
• The scriptures are a map, and like any map, they are only useful when taken out and used. They must be pondered and searched, for that is how and where answers are found.
• Personal revelation is a great key to knowing we are not alone. This is accessed through personal prayer. This is Spirit speaking to spirit.
• The holy temple is a place where we gain strength, understanding, and power.
• The priesthood. We receive counsel from our leaders, priesthood blessings, and especially our patriarchal blessing, which we should review often and prayerfully.
• Lastly, and most importantly, we have a personal Savior. He is always with us; we are never alone. The Lord knows everything about us; nothing is hid from him. He knows our thoughts and the intents of our hearts. Christ knows all our temptations. We sometimes think that we are the only ones that struggle and everyone else is perfect. This is another lie from Satan in his attempt to divide and conquer. How many times have we said that if people knew our deep, dark secret, they wouldn’t love us? Well, Christ knows and he loves us in spite of it.

The Race

Author Unknown

Whenever I start to hang my head in front of failure’s face,
my downward fall is broken by the memory of a race.
A children’s race, young boys, young men; how I remember well,
excitement sure, but also fear, it wasn’t hard to tell.

They all lined up so full of hope, each thought to win that race
or tie for first, or if not that, at least take second place.
Their parents watched from off the side, each cheering for their son,
and each boy hoped to show his folks that he would be the one.

The whistle blew and off they flew, like chariots of fire,
to win, to be the hero there, was each young boy’s desire.
One boy in particular, whose dad was in the crowd,
was running in the lead and thought “My dad will be so proud.”

But as he speeded down the field and crossed a shallow dip,
the little boy who thought he’d win, lost his step and slipped.
Trying hard to catch himself, his arms flew everyplace,
and midst the laughter of the crowd he fell flat on his face.

As he fell, his hope fell too; he couldn’t win it now.
Humiliated, he just wished to disappear somehow.
But as he fell his dad stood up and showed his anxious face,
which to the boy so clearly said, “Get up and win that race!”

He quickly rose, no damage done, behind a bit that’s all,
and ran with all his mind and might to make up for his fall.
So anxious to restore himself, to catch up and to win,
his mind went faster than his legs. He slipped and fell again.

He wished that he had quit before with only one disgrace.
“I’m hopeless as a runner now, I shouldn’t try to race.”
But through the laughing crowd he searched and found his father’s face
with a steady look that said again, “Get up and win that race!”

So he jumped up to try again, ten yards behind the last.
“If I’m to gain those yards,” he thought, “I’ve got to run real fast!”
Exceeding everything he had, he regained eight, then ten...
but trying hard to catch the lead, he slipped and fell again.

Defeat! He lay there silently. A tear dropped from his eye.
“There’s no sense running anymore! Three strikes I’m out! Why try?
I’ve lost, so what’s the use?” he thought. “I’ll live with my disgrace.”
But then he thought about his dad, who soon he’d have to face.

“Get up,” an echo sounded low, “you haven’t lost at all,
for all you have to do to win is rise each time you fall.
Get up!” the echo urged him on, “Get up and take your place!
You were not meant for failure here! Get up and win that race!”

So, up he rose to run once more, refusing to forfeit,
and he resolved that win or lose, at least he wouldn’t quit.
So far behind the others now, the most he’d ever been,
still he gave it all he had and ran like he could win.

Three times he’d fallen stumbling, three times he rose again.
Too far behind to hope to win, he still ran to the end.
They cheered another boy who crossed the line and won first place,
head high and proud and happy -- no falling, no disgrace.

But, when the fallen youngster crossed the line, in last place,
the crowd gave him a greater cheer for finishing the race.
And even though he came in last with head bowed low, unproud,
you would have thought he’d won the race, to listen to the crowd.

And to his dad he sadly said, “I didn’t do so well.”
“To me, you won,” his father said. “You rose each time you fell.”
And now when things seem dark and bleak and difficult to face,
the memory of that little boy helps me in my own race.

For all of life is like that race, with ups and downs and all.
And all you have to do to win is rise each time you fall.
And when depression and despair shout loudly in my face,
another voice within me says, “Get up and win that race!”

Elder Russell M. Nelson: “I respect those who quietly do their duty though deepening trials come their way. And I admire those who strive to be more worthy by overcoming a personal fault or who work to achieve a difficult goal. I feel impressed to counsel those engaged in personal challenges to do right. In particular, my heart reaches out to those who feel discouraged by the magnitude of their struggle. Many shoulder heavy burdens … which, on occasion, seem so difficult to bear. I have heard those challenges termed impossible.”

He then talks about three themes in the scriptures that can help us overcome life’s challenges. The first is the need for faith. He reminds us that the Lord personally taught his disciples: “If ye have faith, nothing shall be impossible.” The second is the need for focus. He said “Imagine, if you will, a pair of powerful binoculars. Two separate optical systems are joined together with a gear to focus two independent images into one three-dimensional view. To apply this analogy, let the scene on the left side of your binoculars represent your perception of your task. Let the picture on the right side represent the Lord’s perspective of your task—the portion of His plan He has entrusted to you. Now, connect your system to His. By mental adjustment, fuse your focus. Something wonderful happens. Your vision and His are now the same. You have developed an “eye single to the glory of God.”

A third theme we find in the scriptures is strength and courage.

"You who may be momentarily disheartened, remember, life is not meant to be easy. Trials must be borne and grief endured along the way. As you remember that “with God nothing shall be impossible,” know that He is your Father. You are a son or daughter created in His image, entitled through your worthiness to receive revelation to help with your righteous endeavors. ¨ You may take upon you the holy name of the Lord. You can qualify to speak in the sacred name of God. It matters not that giants of tribulation torment you. Your prayerful access to help is just as real as when David battled his Goliath."

“Foster your faith. Fuse your focus with an eye single to the glory of God. Be strong and courageous, and you will be given power and protection from on high. “For I will go before your face,” the Lord declared. “I will be on your right hand and on your left, and my Spirit shall be in your hearts, and mine angels round about you, to bear you up. (Russell M. Nelson, “With God Nothing Shall Be Impossible,” Ensign, May 1988, 33.)

Conclusion

Satan wants to make homosexuality seem exciting, enticing, and fulfilling. But it’s all a counterfeit to what is truly joyful, loving, and eternally fulfilling. Compare with what God offers us.

We are all brothers and sisters—children of a Heavenly Father who loves us more than we can understand. Think of how much you love your own children, or your brothers and sisters. As strong as you think that is, magnify that a million times to God’s eternal love for us.

I love each one of you—and I haven’t even met all of you yet! I feel, intensely, your pain and, at the same time, marvel at the strength and courage you have. I know this is not easy…. But I want to see every one of you in the celestial kingdom. We’re playing with our eternal lives here… the decisions you make on this issue and your commitment to do whatever it takes, is serious business.



Copyright 2005 by Century Publishing, PO Box 11307, Salt Lake City, UT 84147. This document may be duplicated and shared electronically for personal use as long as it is copied in its entirety. This notice must appear on all copies. You may reach the author at info@centurypubl.com.

Return to the Deciding to Make Changes page.